Google WindowsPhone 8.1 SQLite: How to Store Data in DataBase for Beginners Tutorial(C#-XAML) | SubramanyamRaju Xamarin & Windows App Dev Tutorials

Tuesday 20 January 2015

WindowsPhone 8.1 SQLite: How to Store Data in DataBase for Beginners Tutorial(C#-XAML)

Introduction:

If you want to implement sqlite database application for windowsphone 8.0,you may helped from my previous article.Now from this article we will learn about 'Sqlite support in WindowsPhone Store 8.1'.This article is compared with my previous article,so that we can easily understand the changes in WP8.0 & WP8.1 to setup Sqlite environment.

Requirements:

  • This sample is targeted for windowsphone store 8.1 OS,So make sure you’ve downloaded and installed the Windows Phone 8.1 SDK. For more information, see Get the SDK.
  • I assumes that you’re going to test your app on the Windows Phone emulator. If you want to test your app on a phone, you have to take some additional steps. For more info, see Register your Windows Phone device for development.
  • This post assumes you’re using Microsoft Visual Studio Express 2013 for Windows.

Table of Contents: 

Some extensions to be installed in order to interact with Sqlite from your WP8.1 app.And now it is very easy to setup sqlite environment in our apps.So this post covers all about sqlite with beginners level like this.
1)How can i setup SQLite environment?
2)How to perform all SQLite CRUD operations ?
3)How to bind SQLite  data to listbox?
4)How to explore my"SQLite"  database data?

Description:

SQLite is a very light weight database. In this tutorial I’ll be discussing how to write classes to handle all SQLite operations.So let's start with above hierarchy which is earlier discussed in "Table of Contents".

1)How can i setup SQLite environment?


Sqlite is directly not available in windowsphone ,and don't worry now it is very easy to setup sqlite in windowsphone apps.So we need to follow two steps only (i.e Installing SQLite for Windows Phone SDK,Installing sqlite-net-wp8 package)

1.1)Installing SQLite for Windows Phone SDK:
It’s worth noting that the current version (3.8.8.0) has a flaw in the package metadata that prevent it to show up in the Visual Studio 2013 "Tools | Extensions and Updates" page. You need to go to the web page, download and install the VSIX package by yourself:

Click on Download and You can directly open it while downloading, authorize installation and click install when ready.

Open Microsoft Visual Studio Express 2013 for Windows and then create new project type Blank App(Ex:SQLiteWp8.1)
Open Solution explorer,Right click on 'References' folder of your current project.
Then add the reference to the "SQLite for WindowsPhone 8.1" library:
When done, you can see that the proper references to SQLite and Visual C++ 2013 Runtime have been added to respective project:
You may have already noticed, that the references show a warning symbols,to resolve that the next thing to do, before compiling the solution is changing the architecture of the target platform. This is the fact that the engine of Sqlite is written in C ++, and the default target platform set in the project is Any CPU. This mode is not supported. To do this in the main menu of VisualStudio have the command "Compile", then "Configuration Manager", as shown in the figure.

In the next dialog, we note that we have several choices of platforms, Any CPU (the default), ARM, x64 and x86.
We have to select the target platform second, where we are trying the application. If we use a tablet, or a phone with ARM processor, we have to select the ARM platform. If we are using the emulator or in the case of Windows Phone, a PC in the case of Windows, we have to select x86 or x64, everything depends on your processor if 32 or 64 bits. In my case, I tried the sample application on a emulator  with Windows Phone OS 8.1, so I chose the way of configuration x86.

1.2)Installing sqlite-net package:

After installing the library for SQLite, we need sqlite-net NuGet package.With this library, we will be able to perform all the operations that you normally do in a database, such as Insert, Delete, Update and run search queries. Sqlite-net also offers an approach typical ORM. This package provides two helper classes (SQLite.cs and SQLiteAsync.cs),So to install it right click on your project (i.e in my case project name is SQLiteWp8.1) =>Click on "Manage NuGet Packages" and search for "sqlite-net"  => Click on "Install" button.After that we should found below dialog:


***Wow now whole SQLite set up process is completed,so now we are going to work with all CRUD operations***

2)How to perform all SQLite CRUD operations ?


Note: From this step on-wards,most of content will be same as my  previous article.Please be note a few changes made in this post.

So its time to perform all SQLite CRUD(Create,Read,Update,Delete) operations.So my thought is in this sample i made one  single "DatabaseHelperClass.cs" class for whole application and handling the SQLite operations with this helper class. Lets see first my table structure first 


Here i am trying to create Table name is "Contacts" in "ContactsManager.sqlite" database.So my class "Contacts" with all getter and setter methods(Id,Name,PhoneNumber,CreatedDate) to maintain single contact as an object.

C#

public class Contacts
    {
        //The Id property is marked as the Primary Key
        [SQLite.PrimaryKey, SQLite.AutoIncrement]
        public int Id { get; set; }
        public string Name { get; set; }
        public string PhoneNumber { get; set; }
        public string CreationDate { get; set; }
        public Contacts()
        {
            //empty constructor
        }
        public Contacts(string name, string phone_no)
        {
            Name = name;
            PhoneNumber = phone_no;
            CreationDate = DateTime.Now.ToString();
        }
    }
2.1)Writing DatabaseHelper Class to handle database operations(i.e CRUD):


C#

//This class for perform all database CRUD operations 
    public class DatabaseHelperClass 
    { 
        SQLiteConnection dbConn; 
        
        //Create Tabble 
        public async Task<bool> onCreate(string DB_PATH) 
        { 
            try 
            { 
                if (!CheckFileExists(DB_PATH).Result) 
                { 
                    using (dbConn = new SQLiteConnection(DB_PATH)) 
                    { 
                        dbConn.CreateTable<Contacts>(); 
                    } 
                }  
                return true; 
            } 
            catch 
            { 
                return false; 
            } 
        } 
        private async Task<bool> CheckFileExists(string fileName) 
        { 
            try 
            { 
                var store = await Windows.Storage.ApplicationData.Current.LocalFolder.GetFileAsync(fileName); 
                return true; 
            } 
            catch 
            { 
                return false; 
            } 
        } 
 
        // Retrieve the specific contact from the database. 
        public Contacts ReadContact(int contactid) 
        { 
            using (var dbConn = new SQLiteConnection(App.DB_PATH)) 
            { 
                var existingconact = dbConn.Query<Contacts>("select * from Contacts where Id =" + contactid).FirstOrDefault(); 
                return existingconact; 
            } 
        } 
        // Retrieve the all contact list from the database. 
        public ObservableCollection<Contacts> ReadContacts() 
        { 
            using (var dbConn = new SQLiteConnection(App.DB_PATH)) 
            { 
                List<Contacts> myCollection  = dbConn.Table<Contacts>().ToList<Contacts>(); 
                ObservableCollection<Contacts> ContactsList = new ObservableCollection<Contacts>(myCollection); 
                return ContactsList; 
            } 
        } 
         
        //Update existing conatct 
        public void UpdateContact(Contacts contact) 
        { 
            using (var dbConn = new SQLiteConnection(App.DB_PATH)) 
            { 
                var existingconact = dbConn.Query<Contacts>("select * from Contacts where Id =" + contact.Id).FirstOrDefault(); 
                if (existingconact != null) 
                { 
                    existingconact.Name = contact.Name; 
                    existingconact.PhoneNumber = contact.PhoneNumber; 
                    existingconact.CreationDate = contact.CreationDate; 
                    dbConn.RunInTransaction(() => 
                    { 
                        dbConn.Update(existingconact); 
                    }); 
                } 
            } 
        } 
        // Insert the new contact in the Contacts table. 
        public void Insert(Contacts newcontact) 
        { 
            using (var dbConn = new SQLiteConnection(App.DB_PATH)) 
            { 
                dbConn.RunInTransaction(() => 
                    { 
                        dbConn.Insert(newcontact); 
                    }); 
            } 
        } 
        
        //Delete specific contact 
        public void DeleteContact(int Id) 
        { 
            using (var dbConn = new SQLiteConnection(App.DB_PATH)) 
            { 
                var existingconact = dbConn.Query<Contacts>("select * from Contacts where Id =" + Id).FirstOrDefault(); 
                if (existingconact != null) 
                { 
                    dbConn.RunInTransaction(() => 
                    { 
                        dbConn.Delete(existingconact); 
                    }); 
                } 
            } 
        } 
        //Delete all contactlist or delete Contacts table 
        public void DeleteAllContact() 
        { 
            using (var dbConn = new SQLiteConnection(App.DB_PATH)) 
            { 
                //dbConn.RunInTransaction(() => 
                //   { 
                       dbConn.DropTable<Contacts>(); 
                       dbConn.CreateTable<Contacts>(); 
                       dbConn.Dispose(); 
                       dbConn.Close(); 
                   //}); 
            } 
        } 
    }

3)How to bind SQLite  data to listbox?

In above step 2.1 i created one Database helper class name is "DatabaseHelperClass.cs" which is main head for this sample to perform all SQlite operations.Lets first see my project hierarchy like this

In the app.xaml class lets create a database.  In the constructor we check if the database exists and if it does not we create it.  Since if there is no file exists ,it will get an exception. 

C#

public partial class App : Application 
{ 
    public static string DB_PATH = Path.Combine(Path.Combine(ApplicationData.Current.LocalFolder.Path, "ContactsManager.sqlite"));//DataBase Name 
public App() 
  { 
      if (!CheckFileExists("ContactsManager.sqlite").Result) 
            { 
                using (var db = new SQLiteConnection(DB_PATH)) 
                { 
                    db.CreateTable<Contacts>(); 
                } 
            }  
  } 
 
private async Task<bool> CheckFileExists(string fileName) 
        { 
            try 
            { 
                var store = await Windows.Storage.ApplicationData.Current.LocalFolder.GetFileAsync(fileName); 
                return true; 
            } 
            catch 
            { 
            } 
            return false; 
        }
Next I divided my project into MVVM pattern for simplicity.So in Model folder i placed table class name is "Contacts.cs".In ViewModels i placed DB helpers classes(DatabaseHelperClass.cs & ReadAllContactsList.cs).And finally Views folder i placed All my three UI related pages
  • AddConatct.xaml:This page for adding contact to database,when click on "Add Contact" button it will be add contact in database like this
C#

private async void AddContact_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) 
        { 
            DatabaseHelperClass Db_Helper = new DatabaseHelperClass();//Creating object for DatabaseHelperClass.cs from ViewModel/DatabaseHelperClass.cs  
            if (NametxtBx.Text != "" & PhonetxtBx.Text != "") 
            { 
                Db_Helper.Insert(new Contacts(NametxtBx.Text, PhonetxtBx.Text)); 
                Frame.Navigate(typeof(ReadContactList));//after add contact redirect to contact listbox page  
            } 
            else 
            { 
                MessageDialog messageDialog = new MessageDialog("Please fill two fields");//Text should not be empty  
                await messageDialog.ShowAsync(); 
            } 
        }
  • ReadContactList.xaml:This page for displaying all DB contact list with listbox.And in this screen there is two buttons(Add Contact & DeleteAll) for correspondingly add contact to DB / Delete entire table data.Firstly i made following listbox datatemplate for binding database contacts
XAML

<Grid x:Name="ContentPanel" Grid.Row="1" Margin="12,0,12,0"            <Grid.RowDefinitions                <RowDefinition Height="auto"/> 
                <RowDefinition Height="*"/> 
            </Grid.RowDefinitions> 
            <StackPanel Width="400" Orientation="Horizontal" Grid.Row="0"                <Button  Margin="20,0,0,0" Content="Add Contact"  Click="AddContact_Click"/> 
                <Button Name="Btn_Delete" Margin="100,0,0,0" Content="DeleteAll" Click="DeleteAll_Click"/> 
            </StackPanel> 
            <ListBox Background="Transparent" Margin="6" Height="auto" BorderThickness="2" MaxHeight="580" Grid.Row="1" x:Name="listBoxobj" SelectionChanged="listBoxobj_SelectionChanged"                <ListBox.ItemTemplate                    <DataTemplate                        <Grid Width="350"                             <Border Margin="5" BorderBrush="White" BorderThickness="1"                                <Grid                                    <Grid.RowDefinitions                                        <RowDefinition Height="Auto"/> 
                                        <RowDefinition Height="Auto"/> 
                                    </Grid.RowDefinitions> 
                                    <TextBlock Margin="5,0,0,0" Grid.Row="0" x:Name="NameTxt" TextWrapping="Wrap" Text="{Binding Name}" FontSize="28" Foreground="White"/> 
                                    <TextBlock Grid.Row="0" Text=">" FontSize="28"  HorizontalAlignment="Right" VerticalAlignment="Center" Foreground="White"/> 
                                    <TextBlock Margin="5,0,0,0" Grid.Row="1" x:Name="PhoneTxt"  TextWrapping="Wrap" Foreground="White" FontSize="18" Text="{Binding PhoneNumber}" /> 
                                    <TextBlock HorizontalAlignment="Right" Margin="0,0,35,0" Grid.Row="3" x:Name="CreateddateTxt" Foreground="White" FontSize="18" TextWrapping="Wrap" Text="{Binding CreationDate}" /> 
                                </Grid> 
                            </Border> 
                        </Grid> 
                    </DataTemplate> 
                </ListBox.ItemTemplate> 
            </ListBox> 
 
        </Grid>




So when page is loaded ,i done like this 

C#

private void ReadContactList_Loaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) 
        { 
            ReadAllContactsList dbcontacts = new ReadAllContactsList(); 
            DB_ContactList = dbcontacts.GetAllContacts();//Get all DB contacts  
            if (DB_ContactList.Count > 0) 
            { 
                Btn_Delete.IsEnabled = true; 
            } 
            listBoxobj.ItemsSource = DB_ContactList.OrderByDescending(i => i.Id).ToList();//Binding DB data to LISTBOX and Latest contact ID can Display first.  
        }
When "Add Contact" button is clicked is navigated to "AddConatct.xaml" page to add contact in DB.


C#

private void AddContact_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) 
        { 
            Frame.Navigate(typeof(AddConatct)); 
        }
When "DeleteAll" button is clicked ,i done like this


C#

private async void DeleteAll_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) 
        { 
            var dialog = new MessageDialog("Are you sure you want to remove all your data ?"); 
            dialog.Commands.Add(new UICommand("No"new UICommandInvokedHandler(Command))); 
            dialog.Commands.Add(new UICommand("Yes"new UICommandInvokedHandler(Command))); 
            await dialog.ShowAsync(); 
        }
 
        private void Command(IUICommand command) 
        { 
            if (command.Label.Equals("Yes")) 
            { 
                DatabaseHelperClass Db_Helper = new DatabaseHelperClass(); 
                Db_Helper.DeleteAllContact();//delete all DB contacts  
                DB_ContactList.Clear();//Clear collections  
                Btn_Delete.IsEnabled = false; 
                listBoxobj.ItemsSource = DB_ContactList; 
            } 
        }
When selected listbox item ,i navigate to "Delete_UpdateContacts.xaml" page for delete/update corresponding contact details on listbox SelectionChanged event  like this.


C#

private void listBoxobj_SelectionChanged(object sender, SelectionChangedEventArgs e) 
        { 
            int SelectedContactID = 0; 
            if (listBoxobj.SelectedIndex != -1) 
            { 
                Contacts listitem = listBoxobj.SelectedItem as Contacts;//Get slected listbox item contact ID  
                Frame.Navigate(typeof(Delete_UpdateContacts),SelectedContactID=listitem.Id);         
 
            } 
        }
  • Delete_UpdateContacts.xaml:This page is for updating/delete selected contact details

See in above when listbox item is selected ,i passed selected contact Id as query string,so in this i get that id in "OnNavigatedTo" method like this


C#

protected override void OnNavigatedTo(NavigationEventArgs e) 
        { 
            Selected_ContactId = int.Parse(e.Parameter.ToString()); 
            currentcontact = Db_Helper.ReadContact(Selected_ContactId);//Read selected DB contact 
            NametxtBx.Text = currentcontact.Name;//get contact Name 
            PhonetxtBx.Text = currentcontact.PhoneNumber;//get contact PhoneNumber 
        }

When "Delete" button is pressed i done like this.


C#

private void DeleteContact_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) 
        { 
            Db_Helper.DeleteContact(Selected_ContactId);//Delete selected DB contact Id. 
            Frame.Navigate(typeof(ReadContactList)); 
        }
When "Update" button is pressed i done like this.


C#

private void UpdateContact_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) 
        { 
            currentcontact.Name = NametxtBx.Text; 
            currentcontact.PhoneNumber = PhonetxtBx.Text; 
            Db_Helper.UpdateContact(currentcontact);//Update selected DB contact Id 
            Frame.Navigate(typeof(ReadContactList)); 
        }

4)How to explore my SQLite  database data?

Isolated Storage Explorer tool to get the database file.This tool is installed under folder path is Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Windows Phone\v8.1\Tools\IsolatedStorageExplorerTool


To use Isolated Storage Explorer, the following things must be true:

  • The app that you want to test must be installed on the emulator or device.
  • The emulator or device must be running, but the app doesn’t have to be running.

You cannot do the following things with Isolated Storage Explorer:

  • You can’t view isolated storage for apps that you’ve installed from the Windows Phone Store.
  • You can’t view app settings that are stored in the local folder in Isolated Storage Explorer. These are settings that the app saved by using the IsolatedStorageSettings class.
After that execute following commands from command prompt.

1)First change command prompt directory path to Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Windows Phone\v8.1\Tools\IsolatedStorageExplorerTool


2)Get Product Id from project Package.appxmanifest file Packaging Tab under Package name attribute (i.e 9f68177c-0add-437b-8b43-95ec429ee5b5)
3)if your app is run on emulator excute this command: ISETool.exe ts xd 9f68177c-0add-437b-8b43-95ec429ee5b5 c:\data\myfiles

4)if your app is run on device excute this command: ISETool.exe ts de 9f68177c-0add-437b-8b43-95ec429ee5b5 c:\data\myfiles
Now we will be found DB content in your computer at c:\data\myfiles like this.




 SQLiteWP8.1Sample








Note:This content may be change in future.

Summary:
In this article, we have seen the basics of Sqlite, how to install the engine, the library Sqlite-net, and saw the most common operations (also known as code first), such as inserting, updating, and deleting data from a table of a database.

FeedBack Note: Please share your thoughts,what you think about this post,Is this post really helpful for you?otherwise it would be very happy ,if you have any thoughts for to implement this requirement in any another way?I always welcome if you drop comments on this post and it would be impressive.

Follow me always at  
Have a nice day by  :)

44 comments:

  1. This comment has been removed by the author.

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. Check in 'App.xaml.cs' page,there i declared DB_PATH static string variable.

      Delete
  2. Thanks for the article!
    Do you an accompanying C# WP8.1 project one can download?

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. Please click on 'Download Code' from bottom of the post,have you seen that...

      Delete
  3. thanks for the article sir!
    I want to know how can I import already existing SQLite database in my windows phone 8 application..
    I really need your help sir..

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. Hi Nitin,
      Today i posted about it and please check this link
      http://bsubramanyamraju.blogspot.in/2015/02/windowsphone-working-with-exisitng.html

      Delete
  4. sir, i need to build a chat application for windows phone 8.1 i searched alot but found nothing helped, please help its very urgent.
    plz reply at:
    shaikhfk@ymail.com

    ReplyDelete
  5. Hi,

    I have got my SQlite DB by follwoing you guidence - Thanks. Now When I run my app in emulator and change something in DB, the DB which I have got in the previous step(Inside IsolatedStore folder) is not being updated. Why is Both are synched(Emulator DB and DB inside IsolatedStore folder) automatically?. Even I have tried to run your commands once again when my App was running it gives me error saying that the DB is currently is used by other program. What Should I if i want to View the Data being accessed/modifed by Emulator Application.

    Thanks.
    Ilaiyaraja.

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. After updating DB , stop debug mode and also close opened sqlitemanager, Finally once again run commands

      Delete
  6. C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Windows Phone\v8.0\Tools\IsolatedStorageEx
    plorerTool>ISETool.exe ts xd 7DFF43A5-29E1-4D3D-9A94-3A0735FD9597 C:DATA\myfiles
    Error: Access to the path 'Shared' is denied.
    and giving error file not found how to solve this?

    ReplyDelete
  7. Quick question? Could you please provide the readallcontactslist.cs code? Thanks

    ReplyDelete
  8. Hi, need some help please,
    I'm using your source code to help me to dev my exercice application, firstly, how to insert information to the database like an example contact on loading application without inserting a new one on app loading? secondly, how to show database on an ComboBox, like an user categories example (Xaml and CS)? I'm new in developping Windows phone app so I need some help from you.. Thanks

    ReplyDelete
  9. This comment has been removed by the author.

    ReplyDelete
  10. Hi, we are the leading developers of mobile event apps. Thanks for sharing this article. I have read your informative post it contains alot of technical points which are good for young developers...

    ReplyDelete
  11. Dear SubramanyamRaju
    I have some problems with sqlite and joins queries. the query retrieve me all files that I expected, but all of them are empty
    Could you send me a small sample of how to do that?
    Regards

    ReplyDelete
  12. This comment has been removed by the author.

    ReplyDelete
  13. HI

    It i svery good article. Easy to understand the SQLite integration,
    Keep it up

    ReplyDelete
  14. HI

    It i svery good article. Easy to understand the SQLite integration,
    Keep it up

    ReplyDelete
  15. Hi,
    How can i create database and table from web api in json format and use that data in app

    ReplyDelete
  16. how to fire select query to get data from multiple tables .please provide tutorial on that it will be very usefull

    ReplyDelete
  17. Hi,
    Can u please tell me how to manage the CRUD operations in multi threaded WP8.1 RT app as I am getting an error "DataBase is locked".

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. I same get this error when multi access.

      Delete
  18. Hi, I am new to windows phone 8 development. Kindly give an idea about the class ReadAllContactsList.cs as i didnt find one.

    ReplyDelete
  19. Hi,
    Please let me know how can I store image in SQLite data base.
    I got image by using fileopenpicker and want to save image path in SQLite data base. But I'm not able to get image by that path..
    Please have a look at this question.

    http://stackoverflow.com/questions/32679519/get-path-of-selected-image-by-fileopenpicker-windows-phone-8-1-c-sharp


    ReplyDelete
  20. Hi, thanks for the app, it's a very good example.
    I have a question, two apps can access the same database? Is this posible?

    ReplyDelete
  21. Thank you subbu. Its very easy to understand.

    ReplyDelete
  22. can u add comments with the code .. it will be more easy for beginners , i really want to understand this as my final project is on windows phone app. please help me out i ll be greatly thankful

    ReplyDelete
  23. can u add comments with the code .. it will be more easy for beginners , i really want to understand this as my final project is on windows phone app. please help me out i ll be greatly thankful

    ReplyDelete
  24. Thank you, very informative and to the point

    ReplyDelete
  25. I recently came accross your blog and have been reading along.I have enjoyed reading. Nice blog.

    Belfast SEO Companies & iPhone Game Development Belfast UK

    ReplyDelete
  26. Hi, I follow your instruction but getting this error in Visual studio 2015, windows phon 8.1,
    Additional information: Unable to load DLL 'sqlite3': The specified module could not be found. (Exception from HRESULT: 0x8007007E).

    ReplyDelete
  27. Could you please provide the ReadAllContactsList.cs code? Thanks

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. You can download his whole project here: https://code.msdn.microsoft.com/windowsapps/WindowsPhone-8-SQLite-96a1e43b

      Delete
  28. Hello Subbu .B! Very nice tutorial, congrats! Now i need something more for my Diploma Work. Can you share an example with more than one table. Аfter all searching, I noticed that many people are looking for the same. Could you help me with this please? For example one more table with 'City', so the user can add data only for 'New York' etc.

    ReplyDelete
  29. Nice tutorial kindly Provide Same for windows 10 Development..thnx a ton!!

    ReplyDelete
  30. I have a quick questions:

    Consider a scenario, where I have used SQLite in my app. I make the app LIVE on windows store. Now, users have downloaded the respective app and made updates in the CONTACT table.

    Question:
    1) I have released NEW update to the app. If user UPDATES the app on their phone, would it REFRESH the CONTACT table.
    2) Consider there were 6 records when app was launched first time. When I updated the app, I added 2 more records which made 8 records in total. How can i insert these 2 NEW additional records?

    Thanks in advance.

    WP Developer

    ReplyDelete
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